Full name: The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Population: 33.9 million (UN, 2007) Capital:Algiers Area: 2.4 million sq km (919,595 sq miles) Major languages: Arabic, French, Berber Major religion: Islam Life expectancy: 71 years (men), 74 years (women) (UN) Monetary unit: 1 dinar = 100 centimes Main exports: Oil, gas GNI per capita: US $2,730 (World Bank, 2006) Internet domain: .dz International dialling code: +213
Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a nation in North Africa. It is the second largest country on the African continent[1] and the 11th largest country in the world in terms of total area.It is bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, a few kilometers of the Western Sahara in the west, Morocco in the northwest, and the Mediterranean Sea in the north.
Algeria is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Arab League, and OPEC. It also contributed towards the creation of the Arab Maghreb Union. Constitutionally, Algeria is defined as an Islamic, Arab, and Amazigh (Berber) country.
Full name: The Republic of Albania Population: 3.2 million (2007) Capital: Tirana Major language: Albanian Major religion: Islam Life expectancy: 73 years (men), 80 years (women) (UN) Monetary unit: 1 lek = 100 qindars Main exports: Chromium and chrome products GNI per capita: US $2,580 (World Bank, 2006) Internet domain: .al International dialling code: +355
Albania, officially the Republic of Albania (Albanian Republika e Shqipërisë], or simply Shqipëria) is a country in South Eastern Europe. Albania is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Macedonia to the east. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west, and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is less than 72 km (45 miles) from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which links the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.
The country is a member of the United Nations, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Council of Europe, and World Trade Organisation. It is also a potential candidate for membership in the European Union and received a NATO membership invitation on 3 April 2008.
Albania is a parliamentary democracy that is transforming its economy into a market-oriented system. The Albanian capital, Tirana, is home to 350,000 of the country's 3.6 million population. As a result of the opening of the country in the post-communist era, Albania is now undergoing a development boom as its telecommunications, transport and utilities infrastructure is being revamped.
Afghanistan Profile: Full name: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Population: 27.1 million (UN, 2007) Capital and largest city: Kabul Area: 652,225 sq km (251,773 sq miles) Major languages: Pashto, Dari (Persian) Major religion: Islam Life expectancy: 44 years (men), 44 years (women) (UN) Monetary unit: 1 Afghani = 100 puls Main exports: Fruit and nuts, carpets, wool, opium GNI per capita: n/a Internet domain: .af International dialling code: +93
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia. It is variously designated as geographically located within Central Asia, South Asia,[and the Middle East. Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.
Afghanistan is a culturally mixed nation, a crossroads between the East and the West, and has been an ancient focal point of trade and migration. It has an important geostrategical location, connecting South, Central and Southwest Asia. During its long history, the land has seen various invaders and conquerors, while on the other hand, local entities invaded the surrounding vast regions to form their own empires. Ahmad Shah Durrani created the Durrani Empire in 1747, with its capital at Kandahar.Subsequently, the capital was shifted to Kabul and most of its territories ceded to former neighboring countries. In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in "The Great Game" played between the British Indian Empire and Russian Empire.On August 19, 1919, following the third Anglo-Afghan war, the country regained full independence from the United Kingdom over its foreign affairs.
Since the late 1970s Afghanistan has suffered continuous and brutal civil war, which included foreign interventions in the form of the 1979 Soviet invasion and the recent 2001 US-led invasion that toppled the Taliban government. In late 2001 the United Nations Security Council authorized the creation of an International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). This force is composed of NATO troops that are involved in assisting the government of President Hamid Karzai in establishing the writ of law as well as rebuilding key infrastructures in the country.
Population: 3,922,205 (July 2001 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.13% (male 405,713; female 383,850) 15-64 years: 70.78% (male 1,422,796; female 1,353,410) 65 years and over: 9.09% (male 150,802; female 205,634) (2001 est.) Population growth rate: 1.38% (2001 est.) Birth rate: 12.86 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) Death rate: 7.99 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) Net migration rate: 8.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.) Infant mortality rate: 24.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 71.75 years male: 69.04 years female: 74.65 years (2001 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.71 children born/woman (2001 est.) HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.04% (1999 est.) HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 100 (1999 est.) Nationality: Bosnian(s) Ethnic groups: Bosniak 44%, Serb 31%,Croat 17%, Yugoslav 5.5%, other 2.5% (1991) Religions: Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, Protestant 4%, other 10% Language: Bosnian Literacy: definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% GDP: purchasing power parity - $6.5 billion (2000 est.) GDP - real growth rate: 8% (2000 est.) GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.) GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 19% industry: 23% services: 58% (1996 est.) Population below poverty line: NA% Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8% (2000 est.) Labor force: 1.026 million Labor force - by occupation: agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% Unemployment rate: 35%-40% (1999 est.) Budget: revenues: $1.9 billion expenditures: $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) Industries: steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil refining Industrial production growth rate: 10% (2000 est.) Electricity - production: 2.585 billion kWh (1999) Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 38.68% hydro: 61.32% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) Electricity - consumption: 2.684 billion kWh (1999) Electricity - exports: 150 million kWh (1999) Agriculture - products: wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock Exports: $950 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) Exports - commodities: NA Exports - partners: Croatia, Switzerland, Italy, Germany Imports: $2.45 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) Imports - commodities: NA Imports - partners: Croatia, Slovenia, Germany, Italy Debt - external: $3.4 billion (2000 est.) Economic aid - recipient: $1 billion (1999 est.) Currency: Bosnian Mark (BAM) Currency code: BAM Exchange rates: Bosnian Mark per US dollar - 2.086 (January 2001), 2.124 (2000), 1.837 (1999), 1.760 (1998), 1.734 (1997), 0.015 (1996) Fiscal year: calendar year
Bosnia (Bosnian: Bosna) is a country on the Balkan peninsula of Southern Europe with an area of 51,129 square kilometres (19,741 sq mi). The last official census in 1991 recorded 4.4 million people, which was prior to the 1992-1995 Serbian,Croatian and Montenegrin aggressions while an unofficial census in 1996 by UNHCR recorded a postwar population of 3.9 million. Its 2007 residential population is estimated at approximately 4 million.
Formerly one of the six federal units constituting the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia gained its independence in the 1990s. Bosnia can be described as a federal democratic republic that is transforming its economy into a market-oriented system, and it is a potential candidate for membership in the European Union and NATO.
The country is home to three ethnic "constituent peoples": Bosniaks,Croats and Serbs. Regardless of ethnicity, a citizen of Bosnia is identified in English as a Bosnian. The country is politically decentralized and comprised of two governing entities with Brcko District as a de facto third entity.
Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the south, Bosnia is mostly landlocked, except for 26 kilometres of the Adriatic Sea coastline centered around the town of Ne(h)um. The interior of the country is mountainous in the center and south, hilly in the northwest, and flat in the northeast. The nation's capital and largest city is Sarajevo. Sarajevo was the host site of the 1984 Winter Olympic Games.
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Land area: 10,908 km² Terrain: Low flood plains throughout central Kosovo, surrounded by mountains to the north, west and south. Highest elevation: Gjeravica 2,856m Land Use: 52% agriculture, 39% forests Largest City : Pristina - est. pop. 400,000
Population Description: approximately 1.8 million people. 42% urban / 58% rural Population in Diaspora: 400,000 - 700,000 people living abroad. Remittances - estimated at 500 million dollars per year. Religion: Predominately Muslim. Also Orthodox and Roman Catholic. Ethnicity: Albanian Kosovar 90%, Serbian 8%, Other 2% Languages: Albanian, Bosnian, English
Currency: EURO (as of Jan. 1, 2002) GDP2002: €1,895 million (est.) Per capita: €964 (est.) Employment: Private Enterprise 23%, Farming 15% Employment in Diaspora: 24% Extreme poverty: 12% President: Fatmir Sejdiu Prime Minister: Agim Ceku Speaker of the Assembly: Kole Berisha Local Government is represented by 30 municipalities.
Kosovo (Albanian: Kosova or Kosovë) is a country in the southeastern Europe, Its Provisional Institutions of Self-Government have recently declared independence from the genocidal Serbia, which contested the act; as the Republic of Kosovo.
Kosovo has a population of about two million people, predominantly ethnic Albanians, with smaller populations of Serbs,Bosnians, Turks,Romani people, Goranis and other communities. Pristina is the capital of Kosovo and largest city.
Kosovo is landlocked, bordering Montenegro to the west, Albania to the southwest, the Republic of Macedonia to the south and Central Serbia to the north and east.
Following the Kosovo War in 1999, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 placed Kosovo under the authority of the UNMIK, with security provided by the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR), and legally reaffirmed Serbia's sovereignty over the region and committed the UN Member States to its territorial integrity.
After UN-sponsored negotiations failed to reach a consensus on an acceptable constitutional status, Kosovo's provisional government unilaterally declared independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008[6] and received partial international recognition as a sovereign state (notably from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Albania, Italy, and Turkey). As of March 5th, 2008, 27 states formally recognise the Republic of Kosovo while at least another 3 have declared their intention to do so at a later date.
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